Sustainable finance
Validation and Verification Body (VVB)
The accredited independent bodies that validate carbon projects and verify their emission reductions — the gatekeepers of credit integrity.
Definition
A validation and verification body is an independent, accredited organisation that assesses carbon projects: validating that a project's design meets the applicable standard's requirements before registration, and verifying that claimed emission reductions or removals actually occurred before credits are issued. Under the CDM they were designated operational entities; under Article 6.4 and voluntary standards (Verra, Gold Standard) they are accredited to ISO 14065 and scheme-specific requirements, with performance oversight by the registries.
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