Governance & Policy
UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
The 1994 Rio-convention family treaty on desertification, land degradation and drought — custodian of land degradation neutrality.
Definition
The UNCCD is the international convention adopted in 1994 — the third of the Rio Earth Summit's treaty family — addressing desertification, land degradation and drought, particularly in drylands that cover over 40% of Earth's land and are home to billions. Its operational centrepiece is land degradation neutrality (LDN, SDG target 15.3): countries set targets to balance anticipated degradation with equivalent restoration. Its scientific conferences and SPI (Science-Policy Interface) link land science to policy; its 197 parties make it near-universal.
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