Climate & Environment
Sustainability Transition
The long-term, multi-dimensional transformation of production and consumption systems toward sustainability — the object of transitions research.
Definition
A sustainability transition is a long-term, fundamental transformation of an established socio-technical system — energy, mobility, food, housing — toward more sustainable modes of production and consumption, involving co-evolving changes in technology, markets, policy, culture and infrastructure. Transitions research (the multi-level perspective of Geels and colleagues) explains how they happen: protected niches (solar, EVs) mature, landscape pressures (climate policy, oil shocks) destabilise regimes, and regime rules eventually reconfigure around the new practices.
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