Governance & Policy
Sustainability Accounting
The accounting discipline that measures and reports environmental and social performance alongside the financial accounts.
Definition
Sustainability accounting is the identification, measurement and reporting of an organisation's environmental and social impacts and dependencies — energy, emissions, water, waste, workforce and community outcomes — with the rigour applied to financial accounting: defined boundaries, consistent methods, internal controls and assurance. It spans management accounting uses (carbon and natural capital accounting for decisions) and external reporting (GHG inventories, ESG disclosures), professionalised through SASB, the IFRS Foundation's ISSB, and initiatives such as A4S.
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