Climate
Just Energy Transition Partnership
A climate-finance model in which developed-country partner groups pledge funding to help an emerging economy accelerate its shift away from coal towards clean energy.
Definition
A Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) is a political agreement between a group of developed countries (an International Partner Group) and a developing or emerging economy, in which the partners commit public and private finance — grants, concessional loans, commercial debt and equity — to accelerate the recipient's decarbonisation, initially centred on coal phase-out, while supporting affected workers and communities.
References
Mechanism, funding mix, IPG structure, Senegal variation
Country sequence and years, grant share criticism
Overview
What it means
The model was launched with South Africa at COP26 in 2021 (a pledged USD 8. 5 billion) and extended to Indonesia and Viet Nam (2022) and Senegal (2023), the latter shifting emphasis towards clean-energy access.
Recipients set out investment plans; pledges are then disbursed through a mix of instruments that critics note contains relatively little grant funding (around 3–4%), raising debt and "justness" concerns, alongside calls for greater transparency and community participation.
How it is used
JETPs structure country-level climate finance packages and are a reference point in debates on how to fund coal retirement, grid expansion and just-transition measures in coal-dependent economies.
Why it matters
JETPs are among the largest targeted climate-finance commitments ever made and test whether international finance can deliver transitions that are both fast and fair.
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