Sustainability Language

Climate accounting & reporting

Enteric fermentation

Methane produced during digestion in ruminant livestock — the largest agricultural source of greenhouse gas emissions.

Established · Version 0.1

Expert review openNo editor-accepted expert review yet

Definition

Enteric fermentation is the digestive process in ruminant animals (cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo) in which microbes in the rumen decompose and ferment feed, producing methane as a by-product that is expelled mainly through belching. It is a defined source category in IPCC emission inventories.

References

FAO

definition, sector shares, mitigation targets

Overview

What it means

Agriculture contributes about 40% of anthropogenic methane, with livestock systems the largest part (around 32%) and cattle responsible for roughly 75% of global enteric methane. Because methane is a potent, short-lived greenhouse gas, enteric emissions are a priority mitigation target: IPCC-assessed pathways call for methane cuts of 40–45% by 2030 for 1. 5°C consistency.

How it is used

Quantified in national GHG inventories using IPCC Tier methods; addressed through feed additives, diet quality, breeding and manure management in mitigation programmes and product carbon footprints.

Why it matters

Enteric methane is the single biggest agricultural emission source and central to the climate footprint of meat and dairy.

Review

Public comments appear only after editor acceptance. Draft comments stay in the review queue.

0
How people contribute

Reviewers choose the definition or an overview paragraph, leave a comment or replacement, and attach evidence or a source link.

How comments are used

Editors compare reviewer cards side by side. AI may help find agreement, conflicts, unsupported claims and possible source issues.

What gets published

Only an editor-accepted synthesis changes the public page. Reviewer identities are shown only with consent and verification.

No verified experts yet

Submitted reviews stay private until accepted.

Endorse this definitionSuggest a revisionSubmit a wider review

Loading verified endorsements… Endorsements are not votes and never determine publication.

Endorse this definition

Endorse the exact version shown here. This is not a vote, and publication remains an editorial decision.

v0.1

Sign-in supplies your email for verification and necessary follow-up; it is not displayed publicly. We do not ask you to enter it again.

Sign in with a passwordless email link before submitting.

Review board

Comment on a specific line. Each reviewer stays separate until an editor accepts a merged draft.

1Separate reviewer cards

Each person comments on the definition or overview in their own draft card, with role, evidence and suggested wording kept together.

2AI comparison

AI can compare comments against the current text, flag conflicting claims, surface missing evidence and identify where reviewers agree.

3Editor synthesis

An editor merges compatible suggestions into a draft change, checks sources, records disagreements and decides what can be published.

Text to reviewChoose the exact definition or overview paragraph.
Reviewer commentDraft only. Not public until editor accepted.
Definition
Reviewer identityYour signed-in account identifies the submission. We use its email only for verification and necessary follow-up, and never display it publicly.
Before you submit

This proposal follows the editorial and AI-assistance rules. The live definition will not change until an editor accepts it.

  • Add the proposed wording or note.
  • Explain why the change is needed.
  • Ready
  • Ready

Sign in with a passwordless email link before submitting.

You can still save a draft, but completing these items makes editorial review faster. Multiple reviewers can suggest changes on the same text. Editors compare, merge, accept or decline them before any public change.